Oh yes, it's not just Sherwood Forest that has a famous outlaw who
stole from the rich (although it's not confirmed that he gave his ill
gotten gains to the poor, but we'll gloss over that.)As a child, growing up in West Wales, I was enthralled by the tales of Twm Siôn Cati. He may have become a legendary figure in Welsh folklore. but it seems he actually existed. Thomas Jones, to give him his real name, was of noble blood, born around 1530, supposedly the illegitimate son of the squire of Porthyffynnon (Fountain Gate), near Tregaron, mid west wales and Catherine (Cati), the illegitimate daughter of one of the ancestors of Syr John Wynn of Gwydir. (a rather immoral lot some of these noble families), although it is actually more likely he was the son of a farmer, Sion (John) son of David ap Madog. It was common practice in rural Wales, traditionally a matriarchal society, for children with common names to be nicknamed after their mothers, so he became known as Twm Sion Cati.
Twm Sion Cati earned his reputation, roaming the rugged west and mid regions of Wales, robbing from the rich. It is thought he had some formal education and was a talented poet. He appears to have progressed from being a a common thief and highwayman into quite a crafty and clever conman.
According to one well known tale he once stole a fine chestnut mare from a farmer named Powell. Twm then painted the animal grey and sold it back to the farmer - who didn't find out how he'd been cheated until rain washed the paint off the horse!
Another tale tells how Twm stayed
an inn overnight and learnt that a certain highwayman planned to rob him the
following day. He had a large sum of money with him and allowed the rumour to get around that he had the money hidden in the pack saddle of his horse.The next day, as the robber accosted him, Twm dropped the empty packsaddle in the middle of a pool. The
highwayman waded into the pool to fetch it and Twm made off with the highwayman's own horse.Another time a shopkeeper tried to cheat him by selling him a pot with a hole in it, while claiming the ot was sound. Twm dropped the pot over the man's head, saying that there was certainly a hole in it or he would not have been able to fit such a large thing as the shopkeeper's head inside it!
He was reputed to be compassionate though, and to have avoided hurting those from whom he stole. It is said he was able to secure his victim by firing an arrow which would pin the rider to his saddle, rendering him unable to move, but unharmed
Twm often hid from his arch enemy the Sheriff of Carmarthen in a cave on the slopes of the rugged, densely wooded Dinas Hill, about 12 miles north of Llandovery, close to the village of Rhandirmwyn. Beneath the cave, the mountain river Pysgotwr joins the larger River Towy and thunders through the rocky gorge below. These days Dinas Hill is on RSPB nature reserve and can be visited by tourists and visitors interested in the legend of Twm Sion Catti.
When Elizabeth 1st came to the throne he was pardoned and returned from Geneva where he had fled to escape the law. He served as steward for the lordship of Caron and later a Justice of The Peace and geneologist, becoming wealthy and marrying an heiress widow. becoming much loved and respected until his death in 1609.
There are several books written about this loveable rougue, including Lynn Hughes' book about Twm, entitled 'Hawkmoor', which was serialised by the BBC in 1977.
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